Proton Tiara kereta elektrik keluaran pertama Citroën

Kita telah melihat pelbagai cubaan inovasi oleh Proton seperti model Arena, Juara dan Savvy. Sebagai pengeluar kereta, Proton sebenarnya agak mentah memandangkan Hyundai diasaskan pada tahun 1967 manakala Volkswagen pula ketika pra-Perang Dunia Kedua. Proton pula diasaskan pada tahun 1983.

Pasti anda masih ingat dengan sebuah kereta Proton terdahulu bernama Proton Tiara. Ia agak menghairankan kerana ia adalah satu-satunya kolaborasi antara Proton dengan pembuat kereta Perancis.

Citroën AX Electrique. Gambar: citroenvie.com

Proton Tiara mempunyai enjin 1.1 liter dengan 4 silinder yang menghasilkan hanya maksimum 57 PS. Transmisinya pula ialah manual dengan 5 kelajuan. Ia adalah kereta bandar oleh Proton yang sepatutnya menjadi “Jewel of the Nation”. Realitinya, Tiara hanyalah Citroën AX yang dinamakan semula.

Yang menariknya, Citroën AX ada versi elektrik yang pernah diletakkan dalam produksi. Ia dipanggil Citroën AX Electrique.

Apa yang menariknya tentang AX Electrique ialah ‘drivetrain’nya agak serupa dengan kereta mainan. Bateri yang digunapakai adalah Kadmium Nikel dan motor elektriknya hanyalah motor DC. Bayangkan, jika dibandingkan dengan kereta elektrik zaman ini, AX Electrique ini boleh dikatakan primitif.

Kereta mainan menggunakan bateri Kadmium Nikel dan motor DC.

Prestasi bukanlah kepakaran sebenar Electrique. Kelajuannya paling tinggi hanyalah 91 km/jam dan motor elektriknya hanya mampu menjana 27 PS pada kadar maksima – hanya separuh daripada janaan ICE sejawatnya. Pada standard terkini, julat kelajuan AX Electrique iaitu 80 km sangat menyedihkan.

Jom lihat bagaimana Citroën AX Electrique bersaing dengan kereta lebih moden, Renault Zoe (kedua-duanya kereta Perancis):

Dalam iklim lebih sejuk, AX Electrique memerlukan sistem pemanas berasaskan bahan api untuk mengekalkan suhu selesa bagi penumpang. Dah macam teknologi bateri 1995.

Motor DC di hadapan. Gambar: Watgen Claude

Susun-atur drivetrain elektriknya terdiri daripada pek bateri yang besar di belakang dan motor DC di hadapan. Oleh kerana AX Electrique dibina diatas platform kereta ICE, tiada ruang bagi bateri pada lantai chassisnya.

Pek bateri Kadmium Nikel di belakang. Gambar: Watgen Claude

Walaupun AX Electrique tak nampak seperti kereta elektrik moden yang lebih menyeronokkan, ia adalah salah satu cubaan awal daripada Citroën untuk elektrifikasi kereta. Sebelum kemunculan AX Electrique, Citroën pernah menayangkan kenderaan seperti C15, C25 dan Citela. AX Electrique kekal sebagai kereta elektrik produksi Citroën yang pertama.

Citroën Survolt

Baru-baru ini kita ada melihat Citroën mengumumkan Citroën ë-C4 elektrik bersama-sama beberapa kenderaan-kenderaan elektrik yang lain dalam barisan keluaran mereka. Citroën juga menonjolkan kereta konsep yang sangat mengagumkan yang dipanggil Citroën Survolt pada tahun 2010.

Citroën ë-C4

Mereka sememangnya dah pergi jauh dari zaman bateri kadmium nikel dan motor DC.

Mersita

Penulis

Dari bidang hartanah kini ke automotif, penulis berpendapat ‘research’ amat penting dalam proses pembelian aset (fikir sampai hangus baru beli). Mementingkan praktikaliti dan kepuasan sanubari dalam pemilihan kereta. “The future is electric”.

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