Toyota atau Tesla jenama kereta terbesar dunia? Ini jawapannya

Beberapa rakan media telah melaporkan bahawa Toyota telah dinobatkan sebagai jenama paling bernilai dalam sektor automotif.

Pada masa yang sama, terdapat juga beberapa media lain yang menobatkan Tesla sebagai jenama paling besar dalam sektor automotif. (Ciapan di bawah sebagai perbandingan).

Jadi yang mana satukah jenama terbesar sebenarnya? Jawapannya sedikit kompleks.

Penanda aras bagi penilaian sesebuah syarikat datang daripada modal pasaran. Semakin besar modal pasaran (market capitalization), semakin besar nilai sesebuah syarikat.

Tesla tidak salah dalam mengumumkan bahawa mereka adalah syarikat automotif paling bernilai di dunia. Modal pasaran Tesla adalah sebanyak $ 174 billion (15 Jun 2020).

Pada masa yang sama, modal pasaran bagi Toyota (mengikut kiraan yang sama) pula adalah $ 171 billion (15 Jun 2020).

*Sumber dari Bloomberg

Namun, mengikut saluran media yang anda baca ada media yang lebih cenderung menobatkan Tesla sebagai syarikat automotif yang paling bernilai. Selalunya media pro US

Media lain juga ada yang menobatkan Toyota sebagai syarikat automotif paling bernilai di dunia.

Hal ini kerana, kiraan modal pasaran Toyota adalah lebih besar apabila mengambil kira saham perbendaharaan (treasury share). Saham perbendaharaan adalah saham yang dibeli balik oleh pemilik saham untuk meningkatkan lagi pegangan saham pemilik.

Bergantung kepada tempat, ada pihak yang mengambil kira saham perbendaharaan sebagai modal pasaran. Analisis media pro barat pula rata-ratanya tidak mengambil kira saham perbendaharaan. Hal ini kerana saham perbendaharaan yang dijual telah dihapus nilai (write off) dalam perakaunan.

Berdasarkan kiraan BrandZ, saham perbendaharaan masih dikira kerana apabila pemilik membeli semula saham mereka, saiz pegangan saham turut meningkat.

Modal pasaran Toyota akan menjadi sebanyak $ 204 bilion apabila mengambil kira saham perbendaharaan tersebut sekaligus melebihi modal pasaran Tesla pada $ 174 bilion.

Pada masa yang sama, Toyota adalah sebuah syarikat yang mencatatkan keuntungan lebih $ 18.7 billion sepanjang 6 tahun belakangan ini. Tesla pula masih tidak mencatatkan apa apa keuntungan.

Oleh itu, pada pendapat anda, syarikat manakah yang selayaknya dinobatkan sebagai gergasi automotif dunia?

Sumber: Bloomberg

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