BYD Atto 3打败竞争对手的秘密武器——LFP刀片电池

即将推出的BYD Atto 3 EV用的是公司专有的刀片电池,那么它是什么呢?和其它电池有什么区别?

LFP的优势是什么?

主要优点之一是安全。与NMC电池不同,LFP电池在热失控(电池过热,通常由事故等损坏引起)时会释放氧气,容易着火,但由于阴极中的磷氧键,电池会阻碍氧气的释放。至少在理论上是这样。

BYD表示,刀片电池被穿透后既不冒烟也不着火,其表面温度仅达到30至60摄氏度。在同样的条件下,三元锂电池会超过500摄氏度而烧毁。

另一个优点是成本更低。镍和钴的来源和提取都很昂贵,而铁和磷酸盐是地球上储量丰富的材料,更容易获得,这意味着成本更低。

最后但同样重要的是,与其他锂离子电池相比,LFP电池的循环寿命更长。研究发现,LFP电池在100%放电深度(DoD)下估计可进行3000次循环,循环意味着从完全耗尽到充满电,而NMC电池的退化速度是它的两倍。

这是由于上述磷-氧键使其在充满电时储存更稳定。这也意味着LFP电池可以充电到100%的充电状态(SoC ),而不用担心电池退化。

推荐阅读:泰国买家连夜排队购买 BYD Atto 3,泰国 BYD Rever 表示主要是太便宜! | WapCar

LFP电池的缺点是什么?

没错,三元锂电池使用镍的原因是为了增加能量密度。如果没有镍,LFP电池的能量密度会更低,对于电动汽车来说,这意味续航里程更短。例如,为了达到与NMC电池相同的续航里程,电池组必须更大。

那么刀片电池有什么特别之处呢?

这就是刀片电池发挥作用的地方。刀片式电池采用cell-to-pack(电池-电池包)高效成组技术,消除了对模块的需求。方形电池必须堆叠在占据更多空间的模块中。

在没有模块的情况下,单个电池一起排列成阵列,然后插入电池组。由于其优化的电池组结构,BYD表示,与传统的LFP电池相比,空间利用率提高了50%以上,提高了整体体积能量密度。

这种从电池到电池包的方法类似于BMW正在为其第六代电动传动系统规划的方法。

推荐阅读:BMW第六代电动汽车电池成本降低50%,续航里程和充电速度提高30% | WapCar

总结

BYD的刀片电池理论上更安全,成本更低,循环寿命更长。与三元锂电池相比,它的缺点是能量密度较低。然而,刀片式电池的设计通过其巧妙的外形减轻了这一影响,在电池组层面能够实现更高的能量密度。

BYD Atto 3计划在几天后(2022年12月9日)在马来西亚上市,请关注WapCar,了解最新动态。

 

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